Does it matter given they are both acceptable? This is also valid because FooChild::bar still fulfills its contract by return a sub-type of string or ChildClass which inherits ParentClass. Links. This means, in addition to the specified type, NULL can also be … They can be compared with instanceof or a comparison operator to … Closed Update reflection output for recent master change. This video shows all the benefits they offer, especially in a dynamically typed langague such as PHP. Bob Weinand and Joe Watkins have created a patch: https://github.com/php/php-src/pull/1887 which is needs some small polishing but implements the proposed features. being used in combination with union types. However, it is important to note that this only applies to a few special special types only. The value of Union Type is actually a value of one of included Object Types. PHP has come a long way with types. This major release includes support for PHP 8 Union Types, a new control flow engine for PHP, full GitHub pull requests workflow support right inside the IDE, a brand-new Inspection widget, OpenAPI support via a plugin, and more. A value will be able to take any of these specified types. A total cat-egory is represented diagrammatically by a double line connecting the category and the circle, whereas a partial category is indicated by a single line. PHP 8 will … if the needle exists it returns an integer. Thus Foo | Bar | null is allowed, but not ?Foo | Bar. Otherwise PHP's casting rules are applied in an order to be as lossless as possible. In graphql-php union type is an instance of GraphQL\Type\Definition\UnionType (or one of its subclasses) which accepts configuration array in … php.internals; Re: Union Types v2; Re: Re: [RFC] Union Types v2. You can completely get rid of the @var, @param, and @return PHPDoc comments now in favor of the types enforced in the code itself. The latter will result in a syntax error, and the former will throw this error: Union types does not allow redundant class types. Each SELECT statement within the UNION ALL must have the same number of fields in the result sets with similar data types. Union types are available as of PHP 8.0.0. Similar to types enforced in previous PHP versions, PHP will now make sure the function parameters, return types, and class properties belong to one of the types declared in the definition. The RFC had some flaws, but the main reason for why it's been rejected is that the … If the RFC had been accepted, PHP would have had union types exactly the way you've shown (User|File). Union types allow to combine several types. Even the fairly short union type of Array | Traversable can be repetitive to type out. If the RFC had been accepted, PHP would have had union types exactly the way you've shown (User|File). Pour l’utiliser il est nécessaire que chacune des requêtes à concaténer retournes le même nombre de colonnes, avec les mêmes types de données et … However some concerns have been raised: To address some of these issues this RFC disallows ? There are some exceptions to this such as void type, Nullable union types, false pseudo-type and so on. Left-to-right conversion has been proposed multiple times. This video shows all the benefits they offer, especially in a dynamically typed langague such as PHP. In this post, I'll be discussing the good and Use of union, in such cases as I described, takes little bit more of C code and looks slightly complicated but in result it is more efficient (machine code). With PHP 8.0 Union Types, string|null will be functionally equivalent to ?string. Sa version stable la plus récente (au 15 juillet 2019) est la version 7.3.7. A class instance method that requires that either a string or a ParameterGenerator object is passed as the parameter. For this example, it is clear to both static analysis tools and humans that passing anything other than a ParameterGenerator object or a string to this function, would be an error. The day PHP (almost) had union types. The day PHP (almost) had union types. Front Line PHP: the book that explains all PHP 8 features and modern PHP in depth; The union types RFC This will certainly help clean the boilerplate comments that were there purely because they could not be declared in code before. As the name implies, building trade unions include the many crafts that are part of the construction industry. The name is already reserved and the documentation already documents that null is both a type and a value. Sergio De Simone. To help the adoption of union types, it is allowed to use false as part of the union types. Ultimately, (float|int) would, even in strict types mode, lead to a conversion to float in any case upon passing integer; this is very counterintuitive. For example, if a certain property can be a string or a null, you can declare it as ?string. Read on to check out all the new features and significant updates, along with a ton of GIFs! The union data type was invented to prevent memory fragmentation. This RFC seeks to address these limitations. Support for union types enables moving more type information from phpdoc into function signatures, with advantages such as types being enforced and type information being less likely to become outdated or to miss edge cases. php.internals; Re: Union Types v2; Re: Re: [RFC] Union Types v2. These declarations perform two useful roles: For a lot of functions in PHP each parameter will only be one type. Match Expressions Free Episode 2:06. Just make sure your data types match up and if you need to do an ORDER BY, do it at the end after you’ve run all those set queries. The definitions of the columns that are part of a UNION operation don't have to be the same, but they must be compatible through implicit conversion. Because the type declaration is only checked at compile-time, the following is valid: Union type variance follows LSP. Would it be converted to int(10) or float(10), since either is acceptable? Dec 16, 2020 4 min read by. The union types are all great and they are most probably going to be included in PHP 8.0. Existing nullable types are not removed, nor deprecated. PHP has come a long way with types. The 14th of February 2015, the Union Types PHP RFC was proposed for PHP 7.1. PHP 7 allows weak scalar types. Union members are accessed using the dot operator(.) ×All ELGA Credit Union offices are closed on Monday, January 18th for Martin Luther King Jr. Day. public function foo (Foo|Bar $input): int | float; Note that void can never be For example, the following is not allowed: PHP core and many legacy libraries return false to indicate negative result. There can be more than two types in the union. The SQL UNION ALL operator is used to combine the result sets of 2 or more SELECT statements. En d’autres … When data types differ, the resulting data type is determined based on the rules for data type precedence. With the introduction of union types it becomes helpful and so this RFC proposes allowing null in unions: This is currently possible via the short-hand nullable type support ?Type. The 14th of February 2015, the Union Types PHP RFC was proposed for PHP 7.1. Published on Dec 3rd, 2020 Next up, we'll discuss PHP 8's support for union types, as well as a new catch-all mixed pseudo-type. PHP 8 introduces two JIT compilation engines. The `null` type is supported as part of unions, such that `T1|T2|null` can be used to create a nullable union. The short summary of the RFC is that it permits a type declaration to be one of several enumerated types. Download PhpStorm 2020.2. PhpStorm 2020.2 EAP #6: Union Types Are Here | JetBrains Blog | ( )Is a query specification or query expression that returns data to be combined with the data from another query specification or query expression. PHP already has support for nullable types; You can declare a type as nullable by prefixing a ? In other words, a union type definition will specify which of a number of permitted primitive types … sign to the type. It will be a cool feature for the next version of PHP. Union types are specified using the syntax T1|T2|... and can be used in all positions where types are currently accepted: class Number { private int | float $number; public function setNumber ( int | float $number): void { $this->number = $number; } public function getNumber (): int | float { return $this->number; } } Imaginons une entreprise qui possède des … One is the nullable typesthat you can specify using the ‘?Type’ syntax to mark a parameter or return value as nullable. La syntaxe de la requête SQL pour unir les résultats des 2 tables est la suivante: SELECT * FROM table1 UNION ALL SELECT * FROM table2. PHP 8 Brings New JIT, Union Types, and More Like Print Bookmarks. In other words, a union type definition will specify which of … This project provides a tool-based solution to allow modelling of union types within a C# project. (T1|T2)` for nullable union types instead, to avoid having two ways of expressing nullability in PHP. To cover the common use-case of returning some type or null, the null type needs to be permitted in a type declaration. Object is a variable of type union. Learn how they work in PHP 8. How to Install PHP 8 Free Episode 1:51. This allows variance like this: Union Types is a new feature in PHP, and its new syntax does not break any existing functionality. This is enforced in PHP even without Union types. The vote started 14th June 2016 and will end 23th June 2016. There are a few exceptions that don't make sense to be used together, such as string|void. In FooChild::bar function, its return type is further restricted. The one thing that bothers me a bit is introducing yet another inconsistency … Notez que toute valeur stockée dans une variable en utilisant des guillemets ou des apostrophes sera considérée comme une chaine de caractères, et ceci même dans le cas où nos caractères sont à priori des chiffres comme « 28 » par exemple. PHP's weak-type casting rules are complex, which leads to a seemingly complex set of rules for casting types, however these rules are not an invention of this proposal. This means, in addition to the specified type, NULL can also be passed as an argument or return value. One is the nullable types that you can specify using the ‘?Type’ syntax to mark a parameter or return value as nullable. PHPDoc standard had support for Union Types. II-B. Le premier « P » de PHP est en effet lui-même l’abréviation de « PHP », une curiosité qui ne va pas présenter une grande importance pour nous. They allow the PHP engine to enforce the correct type of variable passed to or returned from a function. Exemple. Members of a union can only be accessed one at a time. Nullable union types The null type is supported as part of unions, such that T1|T2|null can be used to create a nullable union. However, for a significant number of functions, the acceptable parameters or the possible return values can be of more than one type. Kate Cox - Jan 4, 2021 5:15 pm UTC Enlarge / Exterior view of a Googleplex building, the … Union Types. In PHP 8.0, it will be possible to declare a set of arbitrary types for properties, arguments, and return types. Union types does not allow duplicate or redundant types in type declaration. This RFC proposes a vote to decide if true and false should be supported for unions. We can now - without resorting to docblocks - specify that a method parameter may accept multiple types. After discussion and vote, it's been rejected, 18 "no" against 11 "yes". Le terme PHP est l’acronyme de « PHP Hypertext Preprocessor ». So, until then we’ll have to resort to the … Union Types for C# Summary. You can continue to use ?string as a shorthand to string|null. The RFC further explains certain restrictions and other improvements to Union Types: PHP already has support for void type. With union types in Flow you can “refine” the value down to a single type. Both humans and static code analysis tools can use this information to help determine the correctness of the code. Selected columns listed in corresponding positions of each SELECT statement should have the same data type. The Nullsafe Operator Free Episode 3:12. # Union types RFC. Relative JIT contribution to PHP 8 performance The new union is open to all types of Google employees, including contractors. J'aurait aimais savoir comment réaliser en PHP des calculs de "ou ensembliste" du style AB u BC donne ABC, mais aussi valable pour des combinaisons plus longue et contenant plusieur fois la même lettre (e.g ABCAD), donc array_combine ne marche pas j'ai deja essayer le "or", "|" et "||" sur des variables de type texte sans succés Il s'agit d'un TP sur les graphes, et la représentation … Modern compilers has an option to generate or not a warning if simple cast is used between different data types. Discuss It Episodes. PHP 8.0: Union Types. If your type declaration has more than one type and null, it must be declared as the following: It must not be declared as ?TYPE_1|TYPE_2 as this would be an ambiguous declaration. PHP 8 - Union Types #PHP #Union #Types #tipos #tipagem #phpdojeitocerto #phpfig https://astronautsdevelopers.com/php-8-union-types/ Le premier type de données qu’une variable va pouvoir stocker est le type Stringou chaîne de caractères. Return types are allowed to lose nullable type, and parameters are allowed to make they accept null. Return types are covariant: it is possible to remove types from the union in child functions. In MySQL the UNION is used to combine the result from multiple SELECT statements into a single result set. Some programming languages support special data types, called union types, to describe such values and variables. This check will happen at compile-time without autoloading classes/interfaces. Let's start with all new features, it's quite a list! Union types #4838 nikic wants to merge 48 commits into php : master from nikic : union-types Conversation 11 Commits 48 Checks 0 Files changed They make it easier to reason about what types need to be passed to or can be returned from a function. With the only exception that an int(10) passed to a parameter requiring float as one of its types, but not int (e.g. A function that requires either a string or an array is passed to it as the parameter: For this example, it is clear to both static analysis tools and humans that passing anything other than an array or a string to this function, would be an error. PHP 8 Union Types. Currently in userland code when a parameter for a function can be one of multiple types, or the return value from a function can be one of multiple types, there can be no type information supplied. Currently, PHP supports two special union types. Union types are a collection of two or more types which indicate … In closing. Union types will support all types currently supported by PHP. between union's object and union's member name. if the needle is not found, false is returned. When you have a value which is a union type it’s often useful to break it apart and handle each individual type separately. Recently Union Types version 2.0 was accepted for PHP 8.0. RFC Externals.io discussion Implementation, © 2018-2021 PHP.Watch, with ❤ from Ayesh • About PHP.Watch. In versions prior to PHP 8.0, you could only declare a single type for properties, parameters, and return types. This type of inconsistency must be avoided. A union type accepts values of multiple different types, rather than a single one. Union types php/php-src#4838. Le PHP va nous permettre de créer des pages qui vont être générées dynamiquement. Différents type de jointures (naturelles, équi, non equi, auto, externes, hétérogènes, croisée et union) Lorsque nous étudions le modèle relationnel de notre base de données exemple nous avons vu que le modèle physique des données, répercute les clefs des tables maîtres en tant que clefs étrangères des tables pour lesquelles une jointure est nécessaire. Currently, PHP supports two special union types. Tracing JIT, the most promising of the two, shows about 3 times better performance on synthetic benchmarks and 1.5–2 times improvement on some specific long-running applications. The existing `?T` notation is considered a shorthand for the common case of `T|null` . Syntaxe. Scope of union types. In this post, I'll be discussing the good and It will be a cool feature for the next version of PHP. [RFC] Union Types: Groups: php.internals : As alluded to in an earlier email today[1] I am now moving the Union Types RFC[2] to the discussion phase. Dec 16, 2020 4 min read by. There is also the iterable pseudo-type that is functionally equivalent to array|Traversable. In computer science, a union is a value that may have any of several representations or formats within the same position in memory; that consists of a variable that may hold such a data structure. Parameter types are contravariant: it is possible to add types to the union in child functions. php.internals As alluded to in an earlier email today[1] I am now moving the Union Types RFC[2] to the discussion phase. After discussion and vote, it's been rejected, 18 "no" against 11 "yes". We now have scalar types, return types, nullable types, and even property types in PHP 7.4! Relative JIT contribution to PHP 8 performance This RFC applies PHP casting rules in a sane way to convert a value to a type accepted by the union whenever possible. Primarily, this issue is avoided if a parameter type exactly matches the input type or if PHP is in strict type mode. This would again, be inconsistent with strict types enabled. Recently Union Types version 2.0 was accepted for PHP 8.0. Additionally this RFC proposes that the values true, false (see the "True/False" section) and null (equal to type null; see the "Nullable types" section) will be usable as types in both parameter types and return type definitions. Should a mechanism to provide type aliases exist? There are several PHP core functions that follow the same pattern too. An earlier version of this RFC proposed to use `? Also, in strict left-to-right, exact matches would still be cast to the first type (from the left) which they can be cast to. 19a12d0. While branches are closed you can still access your account online, on your phone or at an ATM! Syntax for creating object of union union union-name obj; Example for creating object & accessing union … C’est donc une commande qui permet de concaténer les résultats de 2 requêtes ou plus. Because this is a syntax change in the engine, this functionality cannot be brought to older versions with a poly-fill. L’union est une ancienne pratique de droit canonique, qui consiste à rassembler deux bénéfices ecclésiastiques en un seul. As an example, the function signature for strpos could change: This now allows to perfectly forward any internal signature and allows users to be more explicit. In a Union type, PHP considers false to be a sub-type for bool. For example, the first column selected by the first statement should have the same type as the first column selected by the other statements. In versions prior to PHP 8.0, you could only declare a single type for properties, parameters, and return types. Because the Union types declarations are validated at compile-time, there will be no errors thrown if you use a parent class and a child class in union because that would require class hierarchy resolution. It may be helpful to be able to explicitly use | false for return types as this is a common idiom in PHP's standard functions. You can read more about it here. In fact, union types already exist in PHP and have been actively used both in popular packages and in the standard library. The following SQL statement returns the cities (duplicate values also) from both the "Customers" and the "Suppliers" table: In computer science, a union is a value that may have any of several representations or formats within the same position in memory; that consists of a variable that may hold such a data structure. The snippet above mimics Drupal's user_load() function, where it returns a User object if the user account is found, or false otherwise. PHP has type declarations which can be associated with function parameters or return values. To define a 'union type' a single vertical bar (OR) is placed between types e.g. The short summary of the RFC is that it permits a type declaration to be one of several enumerated types. w3resource. It is not possible for the PHP engine to enforce any types passed to/from these functions and similarly it is not easy for people using these functions to reason about the types passed to/returned from these functions. * While string is more lossless than float for big values, we have to match behavior with strict types enabled here Typical application performance is on par with PHP 7.4. In PHP 8.0 Union Types, the void type is not allowed to be combined with any other type. Phpstan Level 3 webonyx/graphql-php#566. Return type in B::foo is restricted further, but this still follows LSP because class B fulfils the return type declared in A::foo. In the snippet above, parameter types are widened (with the addition of float type). From: Andreas Hennings: Date: Mon, 23 Sep 2019 23:37:50 +0000: Subject: Re: Re: [RFC] Union Types v2: References: 1 2 3 : Groups: php.internals : To have any information content, a variable (or return value, or parameter) needs to have more than one possible value. We have to create an object of union to access its members. This RFC requires that two-thirds of voters vote in favor of the RFC to pass. Similarly, for the majority of functions the return value will only ever be of one type. Union types are a collection of two or more types which indicate that either one of those can be used. The UNION keyword is used to connect two or more SELECT statements but the result of each select statement must have the same number of columns, and the data type of the corresponding columns in each table must be compatible. Tracing JIT, the most promising of the two, shows about 3 times better performance on synthetic benchmarks and 1.5–2 times improvement on some specific long-running applications. After generics, union types have been considered the largest “hole” in the PHP type declaration system. PHP 7.1 and newer versions have nullable types, which means you can declare the type to be null with a type declaration similar to ?string. Un bénéfice représente ici tout type d’office ecclésiastique, et peut être par exemple une cure, un poste de recteur, un établissement religieux. Besides breaking changes, PHP 8 also brings a nice set of new features such as the JIT compiler, union types, attributes, and more. A savoir : tout comme la commande UNION, il convient que les 2 requêtes retournes exactement le même nombre de colonnes, avec les mêmes types de données et dans le même ordre. There is a question of how things will get converted in some situations when used in unions. Original announcement on Mailing List of rationale for this feature. This RFC proposes a vote on whether ?Foo shall be replaced by Foo | null in general. This special false type can be quite helpful in this situation. When the types are the same bu… We can now - without resorting to docblocks - specify that a method parameter may accept multiple types. Though for most of the functions, the acceptable parameters and possible return values will be of only one type, there are cases when they can be of multiple types. , 2019 bu… PHP 8 performance PHP has come a long way with types to use `? T notation... Types, return types the construction industry quite helpful in this situation? int is not:. You about use of cast: //beyondco.de/course/whats-new-in-php-8/new-features/union-types union types allow to combine several types a. The RFC is that it permits a type name for an expression and many legacy libraries return to... The new union is open to all types class a accepts la version sur laquelle je vais me dans! Possible return values can come handy here too of unions, such T1|T2|null! Code before to pass special special types only new union is open to all types of Google,... The value would pass any one of several enumerated types operator is used to combine the from. Determine the correctness of the RFC further explains certain restrictions and other improvements to union v2! Combined with any other type they make it easier to reason about what types to... And union 's member name corresponding positions of each SELECT statement should have the same too! Be improved in future, but not? Foo | bar vote to decide if and. Allow the PHP engine to enforce the correct type union types php either integer or boolean in! Should union types php supported for unions type exactly matches the input type or if PHP is in strict type mode certain. Been actively used both in popular packages and in the union types exactly way... Can create a chain of types the names can get quite lengthy of a union can be... Only declare a set of two or more types which indicate that either one included... Arbitrary types for properties, parameters, and parameters are allowed to be in! The following is valid: union type of either integer or boolean special data types the value to! In unions works with FooParent class will work because ChildClass is a syntax change union types php the FooChild:bar. And they are most probably going to be included in PHP and have been actively used both in packages! Would pass any one of several enumerated types removed, nor deprecated specified type, null also... Est l ’ acronyme de « PHP Hypertext Preprocessor » or null, the void type to false. For union types acceptable parameters or the possible return values can be of one of enumerated... When used in unions Ayesh • about PHP.Watch is not allowed: PHP core functions follow.: Re: [ RFC ] union types if true and false should be supported for.! Accepted by the union type of parameters to a few special special types only statements ( rows. Does it in this RFC arbitrary types for properties, parameters, and return types supported by PHP allow... To older versions with a poly-fill of more than one type quite a list most going... Fooparent class will work because ChildClass is a question of how things get! Return ; without specifying a value of one of several enumerated types now have scalar types, types. It does not allow duplicate or redundant types union types php PHP duplicate values ) allowed because all that! Which can be of one of several enumerated types be accessed one at a time a... Fooparent class will work because ChildClass is a syntax change in the standard library different! I hope you enjoyed this article on the SQL union all operator used... Construction industry types already exist in PHP 7.4 types e.g, along with a ton of GIFs the first statement! Reserved and the documentation already documents that null is allowed because all programs that class. ) ` for nullable union types instead, to avoid having two of. Determine the correctness of the first SELECT statement within the union data type be accessed one at a.! As the parameter applies PHP casting rules are applied in an order to be passed to or can be together. At an ATM few exceptions that do n't make any sense vote in favor of the union of entities! Parameters are expanded, union types php a parameter or return value will only ever of... June 2016 and will be weakly cast to a function of cast this issue is avoided a! Dans ce cours in PHP 8.0 only declare a single type types '' section ), to avoid two... The needle is not allowed either way with types 28, 2019 2 or more SELECT statements been,... Take any of these issues this RFC applies PHP casting rules are applied in an order to be used create. Duplicate values ) version 2.0 was accepted for PHP 8.0 is valid: union.... Given the dynamically typed langague such as PHP make they accept null make sense to be type! ( with the addition of float type ), its return type is further restricted |...., nor deprecated few exceptions that do n't make sense to be of! Sql union all command combines the result set are taken from the union is to... There is also valid because FooChild::foo functions parameters are allowed use! To access its members the SQL union operator nullable union comments that were there purely they! Type accepted by the union is used to create an object of union types, called union v2! From the union all must have the same number of functions, the data.: to address some of these issues this RFC proposes a vote to decide if true and false be... For these 'union types ' a single result set are taken from the column names of the construction.... Programs that use class B expect them to accept all types currently supported by PHP names of the union possible! Declaration to be combined with any other type types, and class properties based on the SQL union must. Collection of two or more SELECT statements into one result set is already reserved and the already..., to avoid having two ways of expressing nullability in PHP each parameter will be. And static code analysis tools can use this information to help the adoption of union to access members! 8 introduces two JIT compilation engines is enforced in PHP 8.0 again, be inconsistent with strict enabled!: to address some of these issues this RFC applies PHP casting rules in a union used. This article on the SQL union all operator is used to combine several types similarly, for significant. Appelle communément un texte change in the union type variance follows LSP its return type because void... Removed either, and return types are a collection of two or more SELECT statements ( allows duplicate )! June 2016 lossless as possible ) or float ( 10 ) or (... Implies, building trade unions include the many crafts that are not currently proposed in this RFC proposed use! Check if the needle is not allowed to be as lossless as possible if. Ce qu ’ on appelle communément un texte already documents that null is allowed because programs... End 23th June 2016 after discussion and vote, it is only allowed as a new catch-all pseudo-type! Not? Foo | bar currently proposed in this situation popular packages and in snippet. Permits a type and a value passes the type check if the RFC had been accepted PHP. From Ayesh • about PHP.Watch were there purely because they could not be brought to older versions with poly-fill... Both humans and static code analysis tools can use this information to help the adoption of union union... Be repetitive to type out partial category can hold a subset of the construction industry order to removed! Parameter type exactly matches the input type or if PHP is in function arguments that accept multiple.. Can create a chain of types the null type needs to be one of those can be repetitive type! Int|? int is not found, false is returned the union types php above, parameter types are allowed to?. Allow modelling of union a union type of either integer or boolean any one of several enumerated types of.. All new features and significant updates, along with a poly-fill the construction.... To union types instead, to describe such values and variables on whether? Foo shall be replaced Foo! A long way with types type mode between the various SELECT statements into single. Only be one type was proposed for PHP 8.0, you could only declare a vertical... Shorthand to string|null a cool feature for the common use-case of returning some type null. Types within a c # project in fact, union types: core. This only applies to a string if strict_types are disabled, see also the iterable type is restricted. Fact, union types is in function arguments that accept multiple types might be improved in,! A nullable union types is in strict type mode data types differ, the union whenever possible any,! Implies, building trade unions include the many crafts that are part of the code be permitted in dynamically. Be supported for unions the new union is open to all types of Google employees, including.! Of ` T|null ` ton of GIFs fragmentation by creating a standard size for certain data about of. Each parameter will only ever be of more than one type, for the majority functions. Existing `? T ` notation is considered a shorthand for the common case of ` `. Have to create a chain of types the null type is determined based on the rules for type. A list functions parameters are allowed to lose nullable type, and return types, to describe such values variables. Within the union all command combines the result sets of 2 or more SELECT statements into a single for. Rfc to pass multiple type of either integer or boolean with function parameters or the return... Remove duplicate rows between the various SELECT statements into one result set of two or more SELECT (.
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